What is the purpose of a relay?

The purpose of a relay is to control electrical circuits by switching them on or off in response to an electrical signal. Relays are electromechanical switches that use an electromagnet to open or close a circuit. When a voltage is applied to the relay's coil, it generates a magnetic field that moves a lever or armature, thereby either making or breaking a connection in the circuit. This allows a low-power signal to control a higher-power circuit, making relays useful in a variety of applications, such as in automation, safety systems, and control panels.

Understanding the function of relays is vital in electrical engineering and installation because they provide a means to regulate high-current circuits with minimal risk. This capability is essential in environments where manual operation is impractical or dangerous, enabling efficient and safe control of electrical equipment.