What safety device interrupts the power supply to prevent shock?

The GFCI, or Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter, is a critical safety device specifically designed to prevent shock. It continuously monitors the electrical current flowing through the circuit. If it detects an imbalance—such as when current is leaking through a person who is in contact with the ground—it interrupts the power supply almost instantaneously. This swift response reduces the risk of severe injury or death from electric shock.

While fuses and circuit breakers also serve safety functions by interrupting the power supply, they primarily protect against overloads and short circuits rather than directly preventing shock from ground faults. A transformer, on the other hand, is used for voltage conversion and does not provide electrical protection against shock hazards. The unique feature of the GFCI is its ability to detect ground faults quickly and effectively, making it essential for safety in areas where water and electricity might mix, such as bathrooms and kitchens.